Commissioned by Singapore’s National Parks Board, Gardens by the Bay spans a 101-hectare waterfront masterplan, with Grant Associates leading the 54-hectare Bay South design. WilkinsonEyre was the architect of both Biomes, two cooled conservatories enclosing more than 20,000 m² of contrasting Mediterranean and tropical mountain environments as well as the Super Tree features. The core brief was to create a landmark horticultural attraction that could maintain these climates in Singapore’s heat while limiting energy use. Atelier One and Meinhardt provided structural engineering, Atelier Ten and CPG developed the environmental and building services design, and Woh Hup built the conservatory complex. Selected through the 2006 design competition and opened in 2012, the project formed part of the Gardens’ S$1.035 billion approved budget; the conservatory construction package, including associated facilities, was reported at S$382.53 million.